4) Every sailor loves a girl.
→Every sailor loves his own girl.
Every sailor loves the same girl.
Every是指“每一个海员都喜欢自己的姑娘”,还是“每一个海员都喜欢同一个姑娘”,难于分辨,从而造成歧义。
-- 动词中的歧义
例如,
1) I heard the child crying.
→I heard the child weeping.
I heard the child shouting.
Crying的涵义可以是“哭”,也可以是“喊叫”,从而造成歧义。
2) John is drawing a cart.
→John is pulling a cart.
John is making a picture of a cart.
Drawing的涵义可以是“拉动”,也可以是“作画”,从而造成歧义。
3) They never saw the wood.
→They never saw the wood with their own eyes.
They never cut the wood with a saw.
Saw的涵义可以是“看”,也可以是“锯”,从而造成歧义。
-- 形容词中的歧义
例如,
1) John is a poor mechanic.
→John is a mechanic with little money.
John is a mechanic who lacks competence.
Poor的涵义可以是“贫穷的”,也可以是“糟糕的”,从而造成歧义。
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