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注释： ①在英语中，为了与自然科学中的同名学科加以区分，动物研究(animal studies)有时也称human-animal studies，或者critical animal studies。为了方便起见，笔者暂时将其译为动物研究。 ②在讲到动物时，很多西方动物研究者采用“非人类动物”(nonhuman animals)一词，用以暗示人也是一种动物。笔者赞同这一观点，但为了行文顺畅并遵从中文的表达习惯，本文在论述中仍主要使用“动物”一词，只在有特别强调的必要时使用“非人类动物”。 ③它们是：Aaron Gross and Anne Vallely,eds.,Animals and the Human Imagination:A Companion to Animal Studies,April,2012; Kari Weil,Thinking Animals:Why Animal Studies Now?,May,2012; Margo DeMello,Animals and Society:An Introduction to Human-Animal Studies,August,2012. ④该中心为密歇根州立大学社会学系下属研究中心，是北美较早动物研究中心之一。它提供的14类书目可参见网站：http：//animalstudies.msu.edu./bibliography.php. ⑤见Carol Adams,“After MacKinnon:Sexual Inequality in the Animal Movement”,in Critical Theory and Animal Liberation,257-276,and articles in Animals and Women:Feminist Theoretical Explorations,Carol J.Adams and Josephine Donovan,eds.(Durham and London:Duke UP,1995). ⑥关于后人文主义、超人文主义以及传统人文主义所受抨击的讨论可参见Cary Wolf,What Is Posthumanism?(Minneapolis and London:University of Minnesota Press,2010),Tony Davies,Humanism(London and New York:Routledge,2008[1997]),Kate Soper,Humanism and Anti-Humanism(London:Hutchinson and Co.Ltd,1986),Neil Badmington,ed.Posthumanism(New York:Palgrave,2000). ⑦关于动物研究与生态批评的关系，笔者认为，二者是紧密联系的姊妹学科。虽然动物研究最初看似生态批评的一个分支，而且很多重要生态批评的学术研究都辟有专章讨论动物问题，但从动物研究的发展势头及其与众多学科的界面关系来看，动物研究已经成为一个独立的学科，正在建构其独立的理论体系。 ⑧国内除唐克龙的《中国现当代动物叙事研究》(天津：南开大学出版社，2010)对动物的文学研究有所触及之外，尚未见专文或专著论及动物研究。 参考文献： [1]Adams,Carol J.& Josephine Donovan.Animals and Women:Feminist Theoretical Explorations[M].Durham and London:Duke UP,1995. [2]Baker,Steve.Picturing the Beast:Animals,Identity and Representation[M].Manchester and New York:Manchester UP,1993. [3]Bentham,Jeremy.Principles of Morals and Legislation[A].In Linda Kalof & Amy Fitzgerald(eds.) The Animals Reader:the Essential Classic and Contemporary Writings[M].Oxford and New York:Berg,2007:8-9. [4]Berger,John.About Looking[M].New York:Pantheon Books,1980. [5]Bleakley,Allan.The Animalizing Imagination:Totemism,Textuality and Ecocriticism[M].London:Macmillan Press,2000. [6]Des Jardins,Joseph R.Environmental Ethics:An Introduction to Environmental Philosophy[M].Boston:Wadsworth,2006. [7]Donovan,Josephine.Sympathy and Interspecies Care:Toward a Unified Theory of Eco and Animal Liberation[A].In John Sanbonmatsu(ed.).Critical Theory and Animal Liberation[C].New York:Rowman & Littlefield Publishers,2011:277-294. [8]Franklin,Adrian.Animals and Modern Culture:A Sociology of Human-Animal Relations in Modernity[M].London:Sage Publications,1999. [9]Freeman,Carol,and Elizabeth Leane,et al,eds.Considering Animals:Contemporary Studies in Human-Animal Relations[M].Burlington:Ashgate Publishing Company,2011. [10]Fudge,Erica.Perceiving Animals:Humans and Beasts in Early Modern English Culture[M].London:Macmillan Press,2000. [11]Fudge,Erica.A Left-Handed Blow:Writing the History of Animals[A].In Nigel Rothfels(ed.).Representing Animals[C].Bloomington & Indianapolis:Indiana UP,2002:3-18. [12]Gorman,James.Animal Studies Cross Campus to Lecture Hall[N].In New York Times,2012-1-3. [13]Kete,Kathleen.Animal and Ideology:The Politics of Animal Protection in Europe[A].In Nigel Rothfels(ed.).Representing Animals[C].Bloomington & Indianapolis:Indiana UP,2002:19-34. [14]Lynn,William S.Animals,Ethics,and Geography[A].In Jennifer Wolch & Jody Emel(eds.) Animal Geographies:Place,Politics,and Identity in the Nature-Culture Borderlands[C].London:Verso,1998:280-300. [15]Malamud,Randy.Poetic Animals and Animal Souls[M].New York:Palgrave Macmillan,2003. [16]Midgley,Mary.Animals and Why They Matter[M].Athens:The University of Georgia Press,1983. [17]Plumwood,Val.Environmental Culture:The Ecological Crisis of Reason[M].New York:Routledge,2002. [18]Simons,John.Animal Rights and the Politics of Literary Representation[M].New York:Palgrave,2002. [19]Singer,Peter.Animal Liberation[M].Oxford and Cambridge:Blackwell,1995. [20]Spiegel,Marjorie.The Dreaded Comparison:Human and Animal Slavery[M].New York:Mirror Books,1988. [21]Wolf,Cary.Animal Rites:American Culture,the Discourse of Species,and Posthumanist Theory[M].Chicago and London:University of Chicago Press,2003. [22]边沁.道德与立法原理[M].时殷弘译.北京：商务印书馆，2000. [23]雷根.动物权利研究[M].李曦译.北京：北京大学出版社，2009. [24]唐克龙.中国现当代动物叙事研究[M].天津：南开大学出版社，2010. [25]王晓华.生态批评——主体间性的黎明[M].哈尔滨：黑龙江人民出版社，2007. (责任编辑：admin) |