注释: ①参见《外国文学研究》4(2012):9-18。 ②原句是:“现代诗人是某种忧郁的继承者,而这种忧郁全因怀疑从古代先贤及文艺复兴大师们身上获得的双重想象力遗产而产生”。See Bloom 8。 ③此诗由笔者译自德文原文。为尽量还原词句隐含的多重涵义,此诗第二行和末行参考了Michael Hamburger的英译版本。参见Hamburger,84。本文中引用的诗歌,若非特别注明,均系笔者翻译。 ④动词übersetzen作“翻译”解使用时不可分,重音在第三音节;而作“摆渡”解时可分(uber-setzen),重音在第一音节。 ⑤殷企平先生文中所引莱昂中译本的译者将作者姓氏Lyon误译为林恩(Lynn)。 ⑥海德格尔在收录于《在通向语言的途中》(Unterwegs zur Sprache)的一篇文章中以“无声的河流”(der Strom der Stille)比拟语言间的隔阂,策兰曾细读该文。See Lyon 36。 ⑦实际上,作为诗人的策兰非常在意作品的原创性和读者对此的认可,他遭受剽窃法国诗人哥尔的无端诋毁,在某种程度上导致其自杀。 ⑧贝哲曼(John Betjeman,1906-1984),爵士,英国桂冠诗人、散文家、建筑评论家。 ⑨威尔逊曾评论“奥登、托马斯、贝哲曼为艾略特之后最杰出的英国诗人”,拉金在书评中对此回应:“应该补充的是,贝哲曼是这三人中唯一的诗歌正能量。”See Philip Larkin,"Poetry beyond a Joke:A Review of Collected Poems by John Betjeman," Guardian 18 Nov.1959. ⑩如果说贝哲曼是“翻译”伦敦的诗人,佩索亚则是“翻译”里斯本的诗人。布鲁姆提及的另一位20世纪西方经典诗人是智利的聂鲁达(Pablo Neruda)。 (11)See Edward de Grazia,Censorship Landmarks(New Providence:Bowker,1969)330-31. (12)See Sarah Annes Brown,The Metamorphosis of Ovid:From Chaucer to Ted Hughes(London:Gerald Duckworth,1999). 参考文献: [1]Alvarez,Al.The Shaping Spirit:Studies in Modern English and American Poets.London:Chatto & Windus,1967. [2]Betjeman,John.Antiquarian Prejudice.London:The Hogarth Press,1939. [3]---.Collected Poems.Boston:Houghton Mifflin Co.,1971. [4]---.The English Town in the Last Hundred Years.Cambridge:Cambridge UP,1956. [5]Bloom,Harold.The Anxiety of Influence:A Theory of Poetry.New York:Oxford UP,1997. [6]Connor,Steven.Postmodernist Culture:An Introduction to Theories of the Contemporary.London:Blackwell,1997. [7]Deleuze,Gilles,and Felix Guattari.Trans.Dana Polan.Kafka:Toward a Minor Literature.Minneapolis:Minnesota UP,1986. [8]Eliot,T.S.On Poetry and Poets.London:Faber and Faber,1951. [9]Glazova,Anna.Counter-Quotation.The Defiance of Poetic Tradition in Paul Celan and Osip Mandelstam.Evanston:Northwestem UP,2008. [10]Hamburger,Michael,trans.Poems of Paul Celan:A Bilingual German/English Edition.New York:Persea Books,2002. [11]Heidegger,Martin."Holderlin and the Essence of Poetry." The Critical Tradition.Classic Texts and Contemporary Trends.Ed.David H.Richter.Boston:Bedford/St.Martin's,2007.614-21. [12]Karr,Ruven.Kommunikative Dunkelheit-Untersuchungen zur Poetik von Paul Celan.Norderstedt:GRIN Verlag,2009. [13]Larkin,Philip.Introduction.Collected Poems.By John Betjeman.Boston:Houghton Mifflin Co.,1971.xvii-xli. [14]Longenbach,James.Modern Poetry After Modernism.Oxford:Oxford UP,1997. [15]Lyon,James K.Paul Celan and Martin Heidegger:An Unresolved Conversation,1951-1970.Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins UP,2006. [16]Rilke,R.M.Poems from the Book of Hours.Trans.B.Deutsch.New York:New Directions,1941. [17]---.Rodin.Trans.J.Lemont and H.Trausil.New York:The Fine Editions Press,1945. [18]Shelley,Percy Bysshe."A Defence of Poetry." Ed.Vincent B.Leitch et al.The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism.New York:Norton,2001.699-717. [19]殷企平:“经典即‘摆渡’:当代西方诗歌的精神渊源”,《外国文学研究》4(2012):9-18. (责任编辑:admin) |